Washington State, with its diverse landscapes ranging from lush rainforests to arid high deserts, boasts a surprisingly rich variety of spider species. Identifying them all is a task for seasoned arachnologists, but this guide will highlight some of the most common and noteworthy spiders you might encounter in the Evergreen State. Remember, while most spiders are harmless, it's always best to admire them from a safe distance.
What are some common house spiders in Washington?
Several spider species frequently find their way into Washington homes. These include:
-
American House Spider ( Parasteatoda tepidariorum): This is arguably the most common house spider in Washington. They are small, with a mottled brown and gray body, and build messy, irregular webs in corners and crevices. They are generally harmless to humans.
-
Cobweb Spiders ( Theridiidae family): This family encompasses several species often found indoors. They create tangled, sticky webs in quiet corners. While some have a slightly more striking appearance than the American house spider, they are still generally non-aggressive and pose minimal threat.
-
Cellar Spiders ( Pholcidae family): Often called daddy longlegs spiders (though not true daddy longlegs, which are arachnids but not spiders), these are recognizable by their long, thin legs and small bodies. They tend to live in dark, damp areas like cellars and basements, and their webs are messy and irregular. Despite popular myths, their bite is harmless to humans.
What are some of the larger spiders found in Washington?
While most house spiders are small and relatively innocuous, Washington also has some larger spider species. These typically live outdoors:
-
Giant Crab Spider (Heteropoda venatoria): This large, fast-moving spider is sometimes found indoors but prefers outdoor environments. They are identifiable by their flattened bodies and long legs, allowing them to scurry sideways and quickly. While they have a fearsome appearance, their bite is usually no worse than a bee sting.
-
Orb Weavers ( Araneidae family): Numerous orb weaver species inhabit Washington. They are known for their beautiful, spiral-shaped webs, often found in gardens and wooded areas. Their size and appearance vary greatly depending on the species. While their bite can be mildly painful, it's rarely dangerous to humans.
-
Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae family): These are large, hairy spiders that are active hunters, rather than web-builders. They are often found under rocks, logs, and leaf litter. Their bite can be painful, but generally not medically significant.
Are there any poisonous spiders in Washington?
While Washington has several spiders that can deliver a painful bite, there are no spiders in Washington considered medically significant or truly dangerous to healthy adults. Their bites are rarely serious, often comparable to a bee sting in terms of pain and reaction. However, individuals with allergies to venom may experience a more severe reaction.
What should I do if I get bitten by a spider in Washington?
If bitten by a spider, clean the area with soap and water. Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling and pain. Monitor the bite site for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, pus, or fever. If you experience any significant symptoms, or if the bite is from a spider you cannot identify, seek medical attention.
How can I prevent spiders from entering my home?
Preventing spiders from entering your home involves good housekeeping practices:
- Seal cracks and crevices: Spiders can enter through surprisingly small openings.
- Clean regularly: Remove cobwebs and clutter, which provide hiding places.
- Use pest control measures: Consider using natural deterrents like peppermint oil or diatomaceous earth.
This information should provide a good overview of spiders you might encounter in Washington State. Remember, most spiders are beneficial creatures that help control pest populations. Respect their space, and they will likely leave you alone!
